中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
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由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
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House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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【新时代新征程新伟业】宜宾学院:融入区域发展 提升应用人才“含金量”****** 中新网宜宾12月23日电 (单鹏 杨予頔 吴平华)坐落在四川省宜宾市三江新区的欧阳明高院士工作站,是宜宾动力电池产业创新发展的“心脏”。在这里,吴世雄与科研人员一道,对新研发的电池产品进行电性能测试。半年前,吴世雄从宜宾学院毕业,如今他已是欧阳明高院士工作站电池检测部热分析员。 ![]() “2018年刚进入大学时,我对自己的就业规划比较迷茫。学校积极为我们开展就业指导,提供就业培训。经过这些活动,我慢慢找到发展方向。”据吴世雄介绍,2021年他与另外7位同学参加了宜宾学院和欧阳明高院士工作站开展的一项产教融合活动,后来获得到清华大学进行为期半年培训的机会,系统学习了动力电池生产、检测、使用、回收等环节的实验操作,“新能源是当下比较火的就业方向,未来我会踏实地学习动力电池方面的知识,不断完善专业技能。”吴世雄说。 新冠肺炎疫情发生以来,高校毕业生就业面临严峻复杂的形势,“稳就业”“保就业”任务艰巨。宜宾学院把毕业生就业工作摆在突出位置,着力打造场景化就业创业指导服务体系,努力促进毕业生更加充分更高质量就业。截至今年8月31日,宜宾学院毕业生去向落实率达到93.02%,重点群体毕业生去向落实率达96.67%。 作为一所应用型综合大学,宜宾学院多年来为宜宾各领域发展输送大量人才。“宜宾学院每年毕业生中约20%留在宜宾本地就业,这一比例对地级城市高校而言是比较高的。”宜宾学院就业指导中心主任夏高发说,近年来,随着宜宾产业结构调整,新能源、智能终端等新兴产业快速崛起,宜宾学院主动适应产业变革,“我们通过产教深度融合,包括校地合作,校企合作,共建实验室、科研平台、产教融合基地等方式,让学生更多地参与地方产业发展,通过见习、实习了解企业的人才需求。地方产业结构调整也一定程度上促进了宜宾学院的学科专业调整。” 据夏高发介绍,为提高就业质量,宜宾学院重点加强就业课程、产教融合、科研平台、赛事活动、招聘宣讲“五个阵地”建设。譬如,在就业课程方面,学校面向所有大一学生开设生涯规划课,利用生涯规划工具观察其职业倾向,并通过“嘉年华”等活动鼓励学生开展职业生涯规划。同时邀请用人单位人力资源负责人入校开展讲座,结合专业讲解行业现状和人才需求,让学生在低年级就产生对就业的认知,有针对性地制定规划、提高技能。 此外,宜宾学院还根据学生的情况、需求等条件,精准设立帮扶台账,对接当地相关部门协同做好毕业生就业创业工作。自今年9月以来,宜宾学院全面启动了2023届毕业生就业创业服务工作,并持续开展访企拓岗活动,举办线上线下招聘会近300场次,还会同属地政府开展就业师资培训和毕业生就业能力培训。 宜宾学院2023届应届毕业生黄小莉一年前就在学校就业指导中心的帮助下创立了自己的创业咨询公司,主要针对校内项目团队提供项目咨询、专家指导、技术服务等服务。如今,黄小莉公司的营业流水已达20万元,她也是校内的创新创业带头人。“我参加了学校组织的SYB创业培训,这项培训拉近了我和创业之间的距离,让我有信心、有胆量去尝试挑战自己。我在大三的时候就成立了属于自己的第一家公司。”黄小莉说。 宜宾学院党委书记蔡乐才表示,宜宾学院深化产教融合,紧密对接区域经济社会发展需求,从培养方案设计、教学组织优化、培养过程管理、培养结果评价等方面进行系统性改革,有针对性地培养创新型应用人才。通过构建“学校-学部(院)-专业-课程”“四位一体”创新素质培养课程体系,实行课程应用性、创新性改造,突出学生创新意识、创新思维、创新精神和一定创新能力培养。同时建设“多元协同”应用实践能力培养体系,实行一二课堂联动,实施“平台+导师+团队+项目+训练+活动+竞赛”协同培养应用实践能力,推动培养学生应用实践能力和团队合作能力。 蔡乐才指出,下一步宜宾学院将加强本科专业“集群化”建设,继续深化校地(企)合作,实施“核心+”专业群建设,进一步提升专业对接产业能力;推进质量监控“标准化”,基于“应用型”办学定位,完善内部“质量标准”,建立“特色办学质量标准”。(完)
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